how does douglass refute this counterclaim?

Evaluating an Argument Guidelines & Examples | What is an Argument? Covey was at the house, about one hundred yards from the treading-yard where we were fanning. 59 lessons. In your argument for a new cell phone, your mom stands on the other side. One skill builds upon another. . As for the kind of cradle-to-grave care slaves get, Douglass graphically describes the frequent and brutal beatings his master, Mr. Auld, dealt out, and then discusses his own treatment as a child slave on the plantation. Douglass provides. Even though we must face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, King told his audience, I still have a dream. The 4 parts of an argumentative essay are the claim, counterclaim, reasoning, and evidence. Douglass gives detailed anecdotes of his and others experience with the institution of slavery to reveal the hidden horrors. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? By learning to read and write, Douglass eventually came to the conclusion that he was not living the life he wanted and longed to get away. IV, p. 63. In his successive responses to these developments, Douglass expressed not despair but rising hopefulness. This seemingly contrarian hopefulness was no mere exercise in morale-boosting. Aside from all the, Patrick Henry once said, give me liberty, or give me death. In the eyes of Frederick Douglass and countless others enslaved, this took on a much deeper meaning to them. Douglass wanted to show his opposition to slavery and knew he would meet many criticisms. His embrace of the arguments of the rival political abolitionist school freed him to involve himself in politics, and his increasing political activism through the 1850s and into the Civil War years eventually brought him face to face with President Abraham Lincolnfirst in the role of harshly critical petitioner and later, after the Emancipation Proclamation and the deepening of their acquaintance, as Lincolns valued adviser and friend. I teach a seventh grade ELA class and weve just finished reading Walk Two Moonsby Sharon Creech. This technique helps to make the argument more effective by strengthening the claim being made. In the "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass," Douglass has the ability to show the psychological battle between the white slave holders and their black slaves, which is shown by Douglass' own intellectual struggles against his white slave holders. Frederick Douglass pure story telling in the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass directly goes against any argument for slavery from Fitzhugh, by revealing the harshness of the institution of slavery and the individuals behind it. 350351. [27], Through long and deep reflection, Douglass finally came to regard Lincoln as the one manto whom we are more indebted for a United Nation and for American liberty than to any otherthe greatest statesman that ever presided over the destinies of this Republic.[28], Lincolns assassination was the crowning crime of slavery, as Douglass declared in his 1876 memorial, and it was also a damaging blow to hopes for a just and prudent policy for the nations postwar reconstruction. The words you choose make a difference in your writing. Douglass refutes Fitzhughs pro-slavery argument of the average slave living an ideal life, by disproving early ideas of the free labor system and paternalism through real life encounters of the physical oppression slaves faced on the day to day basis in the forms of inhumane treatment and violence, as well as the true harsh, The brutality that slaves endured form their masters and from the institution of slavery caused slaves to be denied their god given rights. He point-by-point counters a Southern narrative that argued that slavery benefitted black people. [3] William Jefferson Clinton, Memphis Church of God in Christ Convention Speech, November 13, 1993, at http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/wjclintonmemphis.htm (November 8, 2010). For a standard 5-paragraph essay, the introduction is one paragraph and contains the thesis statement, or overall claim for the essay. To reaffirm the old integrationist faith in America, Myers turns to the renowned 19th century abolitionist and advocate of civil and political equality Frederick Douglass. [N]o one seems to have doubted the correctness of the prevailing opinion of the time.[4]. -he wishes he could present a speech that was positive for the people. In the Narrative of the Life Of Frederick Douglass, we are exposed to the iniquity of slavery and the dehumanization of the black race, which then led Frederick Douglass to recognize that literacy and education would aid him in his flight to freedom. After Douglass escape to freedom and his continuation of his education, he became an abolitionist through his works of literature and speeches. An effective argumentative essay addresses what the other side might say and explains why that point of view is wrong. As he explained to an audience of Boston abolitionists in early 1862, fair play meant that the ruling majority should do nothing with us, by us, or for us as a particular class. Are there predictions to be made about future developments of this issue? 29 plumtrees road newtown, ct; popular subdivision names; how to cite the implicit association test how does douglass refute this counterclaim? For the audience? Following this lesson, you should be able to: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. How he acquired it is a part of his story not to be neglected. His first hand accounts of the cruel nature of slavery and the thought processes of the various slave owners help to substantiate his assertion. I, p. 311. Max Farrand (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1911), p. 135. Less than 20 inmates were executed in the United States in 2020. It must be acknowledged that most of the Founders, with notable exceptions, were not racial integrationists; yet despite their particular doubts, racial integration is a legitimate inference from their principles, as Douglass forcefully argued. Children would be separated from their mothers before they were twelve months in age-Frederick too was separated from his mother. Including using the example of Joseph and his brothers, as well as the Israelites being slaves in Egypt (a) In what ways is Douglass's word choice suited to his audience? When you're preparing an argument, make sure to note where you got your evidence. But there are two sides to every argument. He introduces this idea after his beginning steps in becoming educated and later reinforces it by providing extensive examples of his experience with; slave-masters, learning the alphabet, reading and writing, and the exposition of individual opinions in literature. Rebecca Simon is an ELA and social studies Master Teacher. The short essay, Slavery as a Mythologized Institution, explains how people in that time period justified the disgusting behavior that was demonstrated regularly. The existence of capital punishment deters violent crimes, Bringing up counterclaims provides the author with a sense of, Bringing up counterclaims allows the author to provide a, This above quote is an example of strong evidence because it directly relates to the claim and reasoning, providing factual evidence of the actual cost of capital punishment versus life in prison. 42% of the inmates are black, although African-Americans only account for 12.5% of the U.S. population" (Walter). The United States should ban capital punishment. While Frederick Douglass made some key arguments, he also made common ground to make his appeal for the abolition of slavery. Which words helped you convey information precisely? A good conclusion for an argumentative essay should address at least one of the following: What implications does the argument have for various stakeholders? A counterclaim is the argument opposing the author's claim. Introduction--The introduction of a five-paragraph essay is one paragraph. Open Document. II, p. 235; Address on the Twentieth Anniversary of Emancipation, April 16, 1883, in Douglass Papers, Vol. Use the present tense of the verb. John W. Blassingame and John R. McKivigan (New Haven: Yale University Press, 19791992), p. 430 (hereinafter Douglass Papers). This commitment not only appears in the Preamble, but also reflects a bedrock rule of legal interpretationa rule as old as law itself, Douglass observed, and grounded in the very nature of law, according to which a legal instrument must be construed strictly in favor of liberty and justice.[17], In Douglasss argument, these interpretive principles yielded powerfully anti-slavery results. Thousands of black Americans did just that. 9 chapters | Protagoras was a Greek philosopher who is widely considered the father of argument and debate. Slavery was established by religious law. jim preston mchenry, il obituary. In your thesis paragraph, you make it . He gives reasons for this claim and backs them up with evidence. 364366. [8] The reader interested in a fuller account of Douglasss life should begin by reading Douglasss autobiographies: Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass (1845); My Bondage and My Freedom (1855); and Life and Times of Frederick Douglass (1881; expanded 1892). Addressing a womens rights convention in 1868, Douglass made the point simply and bluntly: If the elective franchise is not extended to the negro, he dieshe is exterminated.[39], Moreover, as the voting right was an imperative of justice, it was also, Douglass argued, a powerful agency for the cause of integration. -yes! Components of an Argument: Reasons and Evidence, Essay Introduction: Write a Thesis and Capture Your Audience, Point of View: First, Second & Third Person, Logos, Ethos and Pathos: 3 Ways to Appeal to an Audience in Essays, Parts of An Argument: Claims, Counterclaims, Reasons, and Evidence, Writing Informative Texts: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.2, Writing Narratives: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.3, Writing Development, Organization & Style: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.4, Revising & Editing: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.5, Conducting Research: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.7, Finding & Citing Sources: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.8, Writing Practice: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.10, CLEP American Literature: Study Guide & Test Prep, CLEP College Composition: Study Guide & Test Prep, 12th Grade English: Homework Help Resource, Praxis English Language Arts: Content Knowledge (5038) Prep, College Composition for Teachers: Professional Development, Logical Argument: Definition, Parts & Examples, Understanding Whether Given Evidence Supports a Conclusion, Drawing Conclusions Based on Internal Validity, Verifiable Evidence, Reasoning, & Logical Arguments in Science, German Baroque Literature: Characteristics & Examples, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. succeed. [44] Douglass, We Are Not Yet Quite Free, August 3, 1869, in Douglass Papers, Vol. III, p. 418. He allowed that Lincolns election has demonstrated the possibility of electingan anti-slavery reputation to the Presidency of the United States.[24] But an anti-slavery reputation was a far cry from a genuine abolitionist, in Douglasss estimation, and Douglass at first expected little of Lincoln, who did not share his radically abolitionist reading of the Constitution. Argumentative Writing - ELA.8.C.1.3: Write to argue a position, supporting at least one claim and rebutting at least one counterclaim with logical reasoning, credible evidence from sources . Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) was a former slave who became a nationally recognized abolitionist orator during the antebellum period. What did Frederick Douglass oppose? Some of his works are obvious and others are a bit harder to see. One is that slavery was an institution that corrupted whites and robbed (or attempted to rob) blacks of their humanity. Would you want to have stolid friends? That the natural-rights principles epitomized in the Declaration of Independence were universally and permanently true; That the everlasting glory of Americas Founding lay in its dedication to those principles; and. [50] My Bondage and My Freedom, in Autobiographies, p. 286; Douglass to Stowe, March 8, 1853, in Life and Writings, Vol. Above all, the Constitution must be interpreted in light of its commitment to secure the blessings of liberty for all. These were indeed terrible enough; but deeper down, and more terrible still, were the mental and moral wrongs that slavery inflicted. How might a group of people denounce a government policy? [57] Douglass, Schools Are a Common Platform of Nationality, May 9, 1872, in Douglass Papers, Vol. I feel like its a lifeline. III, p. 420; Douglass, Womens Rights Are Not Inconsistent with Negro Rights, November 19, 1868, in Douglass Papers, Vol. But this is the opinion of the Founding and, more generally, of the nations basic moral architecture that critics have propounded widely in todays schools and universities. To find an adequate measure of compensation for any wrong, Douglass explained, we must first ascertain the nature and extent of the wrong itself. The extent of the wrongs of slavery over hundreds of years simply beggared any possible response. Start your 48-hour free trial to get access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts. With the election of the first Republican President in 1860, Douglasss hopeful predictions would soon be vindicated, but this was not what he initially expected of an Abraham Lincoln Administration. For radical critics, Americas betrayals of the ideals of liberty and equality for all are betrayals in the nations founding principles rather than betrayals of them. work!!! Below is an example of an effective claim, supported by reason and on-topic, credible evidence, followed by an effective counterclaim that disagrees with and disproves the claim through its own reasoning, evidence to support the counterclaims, as well as an effective rebuttal to the counterclaim with evidence of its own. For example, one popular reason in support of the claim about banning capital punishment is that capital punishment costs taxpayers more than life in prison. The conclusion should sum up the author's entire argument from the essay. 217, 219. Slavery was an embarrassing time in Americas history. V, pp. The persistence of Douglasss hopeful, energetic activism during that very difficult decade deserves further comment. There are a number of key arguments in "The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass". [55] My Bondage and My Freedom, in Autobiographies, p. 287; Douglass, Self-Elevation, in Life and Writings, Vol. 'My cell phone doesn't have Internet access.'. 'Because I said so,' doesn't work, and 'Just because,' doesn't work - until you're a parent. He not only. V, p. 105. Second, any truly salutary public assistance must also be integrative, not divisive, in its design and effects. [51] Douglass, The Blessings of Liberty and Education, September 3, 1894, in Douglass Papers, Vol. I have had but one answer from the beginning. Dvidas? But he makes it equally clear that slavery was not successful in achieving this aim. Post author: Post published: junho 10, 2022 Post category: comcast central division leadership Post comments: semi pro football tulsa semi pro football tulsa Mark them![15], In truth, Douglass had long admired the Declaration and the Revolution; but now, having broken with the Garrisonian variant of abolitionism, he had come to admire the whole of the Founding, because he had come to judge the Constitution to be faithful to the saving principles of the Declaration. In August 1845, two months after his book was published, Douglass fled to Great Britain, where his speeches won him international fame. Ten years later, in an Independence Day address, he issued a similar, much more pointed appeal. Americas mission and destiny are to supply the [most] perfect national illustration of the unity and dignity of the human family that the world has ever seen. This is the essential bequest of our fundamental principles of government, world-embracing in their scope and character.[31] The Union victory, in Douglasss view, signified a momentous victory for a grand politics of integration. America must be envisioned and remade by its white and black citizens alike as AfricanAmericans genuine home, not merely by the accident and force of necessity but as an object of their rational and sentimental identification. IV, p. 302. Douglass unveils the atrocious truth about slavery that was hidden for so many years. Frederick Douglasss account on slavery could be seen as biased as a result of first hand experiences with being held as a slave. The first of his positive reversals occurred as he was sent to serve as a house slave in Baltimore, where, aided by his kindly slavemistress Sophia Auld, he learned the rudiments of literacy. The reasons of an argument are the reasoning or logical proof provided to prove the argument. 235236. II, pp. keep that person in prison for all of his or her natural life" (Spangenberg and Walsh 15). Finally, he cites his altercation with Mr. [42] Douglass, Northern Whigs and Democrats, July 7, 1848, in Life and Writings, Vol. Douglasss arguments on this subject extended back to his early abolitionist years, when he saw very clearly that slaves natural rights to liberty were fundamentally identical with their natural rights to propertywith their natural properties in their own persons, in their own labor, and in the fruits of that laborand that the fundamental evil of slavery was to deprive them, at once, of both. He had finally conquered his fear of water. Accept the criticism of the counterclaim. Proponents of this skeptical view cite the persistence of racial segregation in neighborhoods and schools; the persistence of stark disparities between black and white Americans in various measures of social and economic well-being; and, most alarmingly, the deepening alienationthe nihilism, as Cornel West candidly named it[2]prevalent among many AfricanAmericans living in urban poverty. A rebuttal is when the author disproves an argument. work!!! To remedy the degradation and impoverishment that proceeded from this culture of indolence, Douglass throughout the postwar years insistently extolled the property right and the virtues of free labor that supported it, and he called upon his fellow black Americans in particular to cultivate the self-reliant virtues of industry, productivity, and thrift. His fair-play principle required, first and foremost, the cessation of various practices in the post-Reconstruction South that were designed to frustrate blacks efforts to acquire property for themselves. When Hugh Auld, Sophias husband, promptly forbade further instruction for the reason that literacy would forever unfit the boy for slavery, young Frederick gained a revelatory insight into the evil design of slavery and the sure path to liberation. The Union victory signified, for Douglass, much more than the defeat of one particular rebellion and more, too, than the defeat of the troublesome particular doctrines that inspired that rebellion. Tell why all or part of the opposing point of view may be reasonable, plausible, or valid, but minimize the opposing position. 19 Step-by-step answer 17.02.2022, solved by verified expert Bhaskar Singh Bora p PhD Mathematics, Physics. Up from Alienation: Douglasss Abolitionist Years, Speaking to the Garrisonian American Anti-Slavery Society in 1847, a youthful Douglass posed a poignant question and supplied a dispiriting answer. Slavery has been around since the 1700s, but the subject of slavery is controversial because it not only includes information written from former slaves, but information acquired from historians. Frederick Douglass's speech "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" has many of the elements of a good argumentative structure. An effective argumentative essay will bring up counterclaims for two reasons: An effective counterclaim will both disagree with and disprove a claim. That's your mom's counterclaim.

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